3,4-Dihydr­oxy-N′-(2-hydroxy­benzyl­idene)benzohydrazide–methanol–water (2/1/3)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H12N2O4·0.5CH4O·1.5H2O, consists of two Schiff base mol­ecules, three water mol­ecules and one methanol mol­ecule. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 7.8 (2)° in one of the mol­ecules and 4.0 (2)° in the other. Intra­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds are observed. Mol­ecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen bonds

Translating and literary agenting Anna Holmwood’s Legends of the Condor Heroes

The role of literary agents in translation is intriguing yet under-researched. The mechanism of literary agenting vis-à-vis the initiation, production, and promotion of translated literature is under-explored. How literary agenting affects translation epistemologically, aesthetically, and technically remains uncharted territory. This dissertation attempts to fill the gap by investigating how Anna Holmwood, a translator-cum-literary agent, conceives and conducts the English translation of Shediao Yingxiong Zhuan (“射雕英雄傳”), a wuxia (武俠) magnum opus by Jin Yong (金庸). It first employs an NVivo-based theme analysis to unearth how the translation has been received and perceived by general readers. Next, it develops the notion of professional habitus based on Bourdieu’s concept of habitus. Capitalizing on first-hand materials such as email exchanges, speech transcriptions, interview records, agent reports, and unpublished essays, it then examines how Holmwood’s professional habitus as a literary agent empowers her to act as the initiator (as demonstrated in translation selection, contract-signing, and pitching), coordinator (as demonstrated in designating co-translators, and establishing and strengthening connections between various actors), and promoter (as demonstrated in coining the tagline “A Chinese Lord of the Rings”) of the translation project, and recounts the process in which this translation comes into being. Next, it conducts a textual analysis of the first two volumes of the translated book with various corpus tools (AntConc, L2SCA, MAT, etc.), showing how Holmwood’s literary agent identity shapes her approach to wuxia translation, and demonstrating her “fingerprints” on the “tone”, “pitch”, and “pace” of the translated texts. It is revealed that Holmwood’s translation is distinct from previous translations of Jin Yong’s novels on multiple linguistic levels, and that her translation style is imprinted on the translation by Gigi Chang, the co-translator. Finally, Holmwood has appropriated such cinematic techniques as undercranking, fast cutting, zoom in shot, and extreme long shot in her translation, making it reminiscent of Tsui Hark’s wuxia films. Thanks largely to her literary agenting experience, Holmwood produces a reader-oriented translation that is readable, dynamic, and fast-paced, and projects Jin Yong wuxia as entertaining, individualistic, apolitical, multicultural, and cosmopolitan. This mixed-method study not only refreshes our understanding of literary agenting of translation, but also contributes to the research methodology of translation reception and translation style

3,5-Dihydr­oxy-N′-[(2-hydr­oxy-1-naph­thyl)methyl­ene]benzohydrazide

In the title compound, C18H14N2O4, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the naphthyl ring system is 10.1 (2)°. The mol­ecule is nearly planar, with a mean deviation from the plane of 0.141 (2) Å for 24 non-H atoms. An intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond forms a pseudo-6-membered ring and the mol­ecules are linked into sheets by inter­molecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Source-sink relationships vary with age in Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.): analysis using the GreenLab model

International audienceTree growth and development rely on the underlying dynamics of their source-sink balance. Given the difficulty of collecting experimental data on adult trees, models can be used as tools to disentangle the complex processes that drive biomass production and allocation. This paper investigates the variations of parameters with age driving the source-sink balance of individual trees through the functional-structural plant model GreenLab. Six Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) trees were destructively sampled and were divided into three groups based on ages: 5-year old, 10-year old and 18-year old. Firstly, the effects of age on organ dimensions and on organ relative mass were analyzed based on direct experimental measurement. Secondly, the hidden parameters of the GreenLab model were estimated using the data of total tree biomass for needle and wood compartment independently and then for the six trees in parallel. The statistical tests showed that there were significant differences between the tip attributes on first-, second-, and third-order branches of the three age stages for internode diameter, internode sink and needle sink. Preliminary fitting results showed that the sink of layers and the parameter of biomass production efficiency 1/r decrease with age

Unlearnable Examples Give a False Sense of Security: Piercing through Unexploitable Data with Learnable Examples

Safeguarding data from unauthorized exploitation is vital for privacy and security, especially in recent rampant research in security breach such as adversarial/membership attacks. To this end,unlearnable examples (UEs) have been recently proposed as a compelling protection, by adding imperceptible perturbation to data so that models trained on them cannot classify them accurately on original clean distribution. Unfortunately, we find UEs provide a false sense of security, because they cannot stop unauthorized users from utilizing other unprotected data to remove the protection, by turning unlearnable data into learnable again. Motivated by this observation, we formally define a new threat by introducinglearnable unauthorized examples (LEs) which are UEs with their protection removed. The core of this approach is a novel purification process that projects UEs onto the manifold of LEs. This is realized by a new joint-conditional diffusion model which denoises UEs conditioned on the pixel and perceptual similarity between UEs and LEs. Extensive experiments demonstrate that LE delivers state-of-the-art countering performance against both supervised UEs and unsupervised UEs in various scenarios, which is the first generalizable countermeasure to UEs across supervised learning and unsupervised learning. Our code is available at https://github.com/jiangw-0/LE_JCDP

Bis{2-[2-(isopropyl­ammonio)ethyl­imino­meth­yl]-6-methoxy­phenolato}nickel(II) dithio­cyanate

The title complex, [Ni(C13H20N2O2)2](NCS)2, consists of a centrosymmetric mononuclear four-coordinate nickel(II) complex cation and two thio­cyanate anions. The Ni atom is located on an inversion center and is coordinated by two phenol O atoms and two imine N atoms from two equivalent Schiff base ligands, in a square-planar geometry. In the crystal structure, the amino H atoms are involved in N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds with the phenol and meth­oxy O atoms of the ligand, and in N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds with the N atoms of the thio­cyanate anions, which sit above and below the Ni atom

Leading and following: Noise differently affects semantic and acoustic processing during naturalistic speech comprehension

Despite the distortion of speech signals caused by unavoidable noise in daily life, our ability to comprehend speech in noisy environments is relatively stable. However, the neural mechanisms underlying reliable speech-in-noise comprehension remain to be elucidated. The present study investigated the neural tracking of acoustic and semantic speech information during noisy naturalistic speech comprehension. Participants listened to narrative audio recordings mixed with spectrally matched stationary noise at three signal-to-ratio (SNR) levels (no noise, 3 dB, -3 dB), and 60-channel electroencephalography (EEG) signals were recorded. A temporal response function (TRF) method was employed to derive event-related-like responses to the continuous speech stream at both the acoustic and the semantic levels. Whereas the amplitude envelope of the naturalistic speech was taken as the acoustic feature, word entropy and word surprisal were extracted via the natural language processing method as two semantic features. Theta-band frontocentral TRF responses to the acoustic feature were observed at around 400 ms following speech fluctuation onset over all three SNR levels, and the response latencies were more delayed with increasing noise. Delta-band frontal TRF responses to the semantic feature of word entropy were observed at around 200 to 600 ms leading to speech fluctuation onset over all three SNR levels. The response latencies became more leading with increasing noise and decreasing speech comprehension and intelligibility. While the following responses to speech acoustics were consistent with previous studies, our study revealed the robustness of leading responses to speech semantics, which suggests a possible predictive mechanism at the semantic level for maintaining reliable speech comprehension in noisy environments